We explore the instruments of orthopedic surgery in depth and introduce you to various tools from bone knives to osteotomes in detail. These instruments play a vital role in orthopedic surgery. Understanding their principles and correct use methods is of great significance to improving surgical results and ensuring patient safety.
PART 01
Next, we will enter the world of orthopedic surgical instruments together. First, let's take a look at the basic classification and characteristics of these instruments. From bone knives to osteotomes, each tool has its own unique design and function, and they each play an indispensable role in surgery. Mastering the detailed information of these instruments is crucial to improving surgical skills and ensuring treatment safety.
Osteotomy
In orthopedic surgery, the bone knife plays an indispensable role. It is designed for removing old bone, rotten bone, osteophytes, bone lesions, and trimming bone wounds. This surgical instrument usually consists of a blade and a handle. The distal end is equipped with a hard and sharp single-edged cutting blade, while the handle is located at the proximal end and is generally made of stainless steel to ensure its durability. Bone knives are mainly used to remove and cut bones, and are a powerful assistant in orthopedic surgery. In addition, there are different types of bone knives such as osteotomies, cutters, meniscus knives, tibial cutters, tibial cutters, and shaving knives to meet the diverse needs of orthopedic surgery.
Ultrasonic bone knife
The ultrasonic bone knife is an innovative surgical instrument that uses high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations to destroy the bone tissue that needs to be cut. Its working principle is to vaporize the water in the tissue cells, thereby breaking the protein hydrogen bonds to achieve the purpose of completely destroying the bone tissue. During use, the temperature of the ultrasonic knife head is low and the propagation distance is short, ensuring the accuracy of the operation. This high-intensity focused ultrasound only acts on bone tissue of a specific hardness, will not damage the surrounding blood vessels and nerve tissues, and can also stop bleeding, further improving the safety and reliability of the operation. Ultrasonic bone knives have broad application prospects in many fields such as spinal surgery, craniotomy, and fracture repair.
Application of ultrasonic bone knife
As an innovative surgical instrument, ultrasonic bone knife has shown its unique advantages in many fields. In spinal surgery, it can accurately remove diseased tissue while protecting surrounding blood vessels and nerves. In craniotomy, the efficient cutting and hemostasis functions of the ultrasonic bone knife make the operation safer and more reliable. In addition, in fields such as fracture repair, the ultrasonic bone knife also plays an indispensable role, bringing better treatment effects and quality of life to patients.
Application of osteotome
Osteochie, a traditional surgical tool, still occupies a place in orthopedic surgery. Its unique design enables accurate chiseling of bone tissue during surgery, providing strong support for doctors. However, with the emergence of innovative surgical instruments such as ultrasonic bone knives, the application of osteotome has gradually been challenged.
Application and classification of osteotome
Osteochie, an indispensable tool in orthopedic surgery, is mainly used for repairing bone surfaces and bone removal operations. Its unique design, the chisel body and chisel head are integrally formed, allowing doctors to use the chisel head to accurately cut bone tissue. Osteochie is not only sturdy in structure, but also has a wide variety of classifications to meet different surgical needs. According to the shape of the chisel head, osteochisels can be divided into straight, curved, straight curved, double curved and other types; while the design of the chisel body has a variety of options such as round handle and hexagonal handle according to the difference in the handle. Its blade is short and rough, and the end of the chisel handle is designed to be an enlarged round plane, which is convenient for using a bone hammer when taking bones. In addition, the cutting edge of the osteochisel is designed to be relatively thick, ensuring its high strength and durability.
Detailed classification of osteochisels
Osteochis, a key tool in orthopedic surgery, has a wide variety of classifications to meet various surgical needs. According to the shape of the chisel head, osteochisels can be divided into straight, curved, straight curved, double curved and other types. At the same time, the design of the chisel body is also different, including square handle, round handle, hexagonal handle, etc. Its blade is short and rough, and the end of the chisel handle is usually designed to be an enlarged round plane, which is convenient for use with a bone hammer. In addition, the cutting edge of the osteochisel is relatively thick, ensuring its high strength and durability. In terms of specific classification, we provide the following common types of osteotome:
Straight double-bevel/single-bevel flat blade square handle osteotome: This osteotome has a straight double-bevel or single-bevel flat blade and a square handle design, which is suitable for a variety of orthopedic surgical operations.
Straight double-bevel flat blade flat square handle osteotome square: This osteotome combines the straight double-bevel flat blade with the flat square handle square design to provide stable support for surgery.
Curved round chisel: Its chisel head is curved, which is suitable for surgical scenarios that require precise cutting of bone tissue.
Straight single-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome and curved single-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome: These two osteotome have straight single-bevel flat blade and curved single-bevel flat blade, respectively, and are combined with a round handle design to facilitate doctor operation.
Angled double-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome and angled round blade round handle osteotome: These two osteotome are designed with double-bevel flat blades or round blades at the angle, and the round handle design provides a comfortable grip.
Double-bend single-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome and right-angled single-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome: These two osteotome combine double-bend or right-angled single-bevel flat blade, and round handle design, suitable for specific surgical needs.
Straight round blade round handle osteotome, curved round blade round handle osteotome: These two osteotome have straight round blade and curved round blade respectively, and with the round handle design, they provide doctors with a convenient operation experience.
Straight double-bevel flat blade round handle osteotome, straight round blade hexagonal handle osteotome, curved round blade hexagonal handle osteotome: These osteotome combine different design features, such as straight double-bevel flat blade, straight round blade or curved round blade, and hexagonal handle design to meet diverse surgical needs.
Usage limitations
Osteochie, a key tool in orthopedic surgery, although it has a variety of functions, each type of osteotome has its specific usage scenarios and limitations. When choosing an osteotome, doctors need to make the best decision based on the specific needs of the operation and the characteristics of the patient's bone tissue. At the same time, during use, doctors also need to fully understand the characteristics and limitations of osteotome to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.
The bone chisel commonly used in orthopedic surgery has a sloped blade design on its head, and the blade is short and thick, which to a certain extent increases the risk of bone fragments being broken during operation.
The bone cavity is narrow, and when the bone chisel is inserted into it to chisel bone mud, it will hinder the medical staff's vision. In addition, due to the lack of visible light sources in the bone cavity, medical staff cannot visually observe the position of the bone mud and can only rely on feeling to knock, which undoubtedly increases the possibility of damage to bone tissue and nerves.
During the operation of the bone chisel, the constantly generated bone fragments need to be cleaned at any time, which not only prolongs the operation time, but also reduces the efficiency of the operation.
The bone chisel must be cleaned immediately after use to prevent dirt from condensing and increasing the difficulty of cleaning. Any material adhering to the instrument may damage the instrument once hardened. If it is left untreated for a long time, the contaminants may even corrode the instrument.
During the disinfection and cleaning process, care must be taken to avoid collisions and impacts, as this may cause damage to the edge of the bone chisel. At the same time, it is not advisable to use excessive force or pressure when cleaning.
Osteotomes should be properly stored in special containers or handled separately using appropriate devices to ensure that the cutting edge is not damaged.
When cleaning manually, it is recommended to use soft rags, plastic brushes or cleaning guns, and avoid using metal brushes or flushing agents to prevent water stains. After cleaning, the instrument must be dried immediately.
When using chemical methods for disinfection and sterilization, special care should be taken, as this may have different degrees of impact on the instrument. Therefore, high temperature and high pressure physical methods are preferred for disinfection and sterilization, which can effectively extend the service life of the instrument.
Never immerse the osteotome in saline for chemical disinfection, as this may cause pitting or rust.
In summary, we need to be extra careful when cleaning, disinfecting and storing osteotome to ensure its sharpness and service life.
The cutting edge of the osteotome must be kept sharp, without chipping or curling. At the same time, its connection parts should be firmly fixed to ensure that it will not loosen or fall off during work.
The outer surface of the osteotome should be smooth, without sharp edges, burrs or cracks. The handle flower should be clear and complete, without missing or rotten teeth. There should be no obvious sand holes or deposits on the welding part, and the color and gloss of the surface oxide film of the aluminum handle should be consistent.
Tips: How to distinguish between bone knives and bone chisels?
Bone knives are mainly used for osteotomy and bone cutting. Their structural characteristics are that two slopes with equal slopes meet at the blade. Osteochons are mainly used for repairing bone surfaces and removing bones. Their heads have only one sloped blade surface. It should be noted that the blade surface of the bone chisel is short and rough, so there is a potential risk of breaking bone pieces during operation.
